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You are here: Home / Archives for William Dargue

An Australian Aviator

February 22, 2015 by William Dargue Leave a Comment

Australian Corporal Clifford Ryder was one of many airmen who met their death at Castle Bromwich during the First World War.

1917 Clifford Ryder Sydney Morning HeraldHis parents Alfred and Eliza were from Newton Abbot, Devon and had emigrated to Australia, setting up home in Sydney where Clifford was born in 1893, the youngest of five sons.

Enlisting in the Australian Imperial Force in October 1916, his unit set sail from Melbourne to fight the war in Europe on board RMS Omrah in the following January. One month later and Ryder found himself at Castle Bromwich airfield. Having trained as a motor mechanic in civilian life, he was soon put to work as a fitter maintaining and repairing aircraft.

Castle Bromwich airfield had been set up in 1915 to train new pilots. Airmen from Commonwealth countries and from the United States trained there with British recruits.

Sopworth Strutter
Sopworth Strutter

These were early days in the history of flight. In little more than a decade from the first successful powered flight, aeroplanes were being used in warfare. Understandably, accidents were common. At Castle Bromwich there were over 70 incidents with some 30 deaths and over 50 crew injured, many seriously.

Clifford Ryder’s unit had been posted to Warloy Baillon near Amiens in France; some were there already. The intention was that all would be over in France before the end of the year.

On 10th April 1917 Corporal Ryder took off from Castle Bromwich on a training flight in a Sopwith 1½ Strutter biplane with 2nd Lieutenant John Williamson in the pilot’s seat.Ryder sat aft in the gunner’s position. It was their last flight. Although the cause of the crash is unknown, the result was that the plane fell to earth in fields near Ullesthorpe in Leicestershire.

Ullesthorpe Hospital
Ullesthorpe Hospital

Williamson seems to have died on impact; Ryder was taken to Ullesthorpe Military Hospital (now a hotel) and died shortly after arrival there.

He was brought back to Castle Bromwich and buried with full military honours in the graveyard opposite the church of St Mary & St Margaret.

1917 Clifford Ryder funeral
Clifford Ryder’s Funeral

 

 

Filed Under: Birmingham Places, Castle Bromwich, Castle Bromwich In World War 1 & 2

A Tragic Accident

February 18, 2015 by William Dargue Leave a Comment

The Grave of Richard Turner Chattock
The Ward Family Tomb in Castle Bromwich Graveyard

It was a cold wet Monday in early October when 21-year-old medical student Douglas Ward rode from his home at Shaw Hill in Upper Saltley to team up with his old friend Richard Turner Chattock. The two had arranged for a day’s hunting. In 1858 both Shaw Hill and Castle Bromwich were areas of Warwickshire countryside where well-to-do young gentlemen found sport shooting the abundant wildlife of the woods and fields.

Richard Chattock was descended of an old Castle Bromwich family but now lived with his parents in Kentish Town, London where his father Edward Turner Chattock was a merchant in iron and tinplate. The two had come up to Castle Bromwich on a visit to Edward’s uncle Thomas Chattock who lived at Hay Hall.

Hunting For Rabbits
Hunting For Rabbits

With farmer’s son, John Powell and another friend, they set out to hunt rabbits.

The weather was cold, damp and miserable and at the end of the day the four huntsmen had managed to bag only a single rabbit and decided to make their way home.

Douglas Ward led the way back home. Richard Chattock followed on behind wiping his double-barrelled flintlock shotgun with his handkerchief. As he put the handkerchief back in his pocket, the gun went off, the shot hitting Ward square in the middle of his back. The medical student fell to the ground senseless. In panic Chattock dropped his gun, then picked it up and threw it over the roadside hedge.

1858 Ward Flintlock c.1790
1858 Ward Flintlock c.1790

The two other companions ran up to help their friend but so great was his pain that he could not bear to be touched. A farm gate served as a make-shift stretcher and they gently carried the injured man to the Bradford Arms nearby. During the whole episode no-one had spoken a word.

Surgeon Henry Bailey of Coleshill was sent for. He arrived to find Douglas Ward lying on his face in great pain: “I am dying, Bailey. Good bye.” Ward blamed no one for the accident and shook hands with Chattock. The latter asked for forgiveness which was freely given. Several hours after the incident ward expired in the presence of his friends.

The inquest was held at the Bradford Arms under the chairmanship of the district coroner, Mr W S Poole, with well-respected local schoolmaster John Blewitt as foreman of the jury.

Evidence was given by John Powell, by Thomas and Edward Chattock, by Mr Bailey and by Richard Turner Chattock himself. He was so overcome with emotion he could barely be heard. He expressed his very deep regret at having been the cause of his friend’s death.

Coroner Poole said he would not add to Richard Chattock’s distress by making the inquiry longer than necessary and recommended to the jury that a verdict of Accidental Death would be appropriate. He expressed the view that in this case the innocent cause of the fatal accident was as much to be pitied as the victim.

Douglas Ward was buried in the family tomb.
Douglas Ward was buried in the family tomb.

 

Douglas’s grave can be seen in Castle Bromwich graveyard opposite the church of St Mary & St Margaret where his funeral service was conducted by the priest in charge,   Rev Edwin Kempson. The grave lies not far from the main gate on the right hand side.

 

Notes:
Douglas Ward lived at Shaw Hill House in Upper Saltley which still stands. Built in the mid-18th century, it still lay in countryside far from the industrial town of Birmingham one hundred years later when Douglas met his sad end. The Ward family, after whom the district of Ward End is named, had lived in the area since the Middle Ages.

Likewise, the family of Richard Chattock who could also trace his ancestry back in this area to medieval times when an ancestor built a house within a moat near the River Tame at Bromford.

Acknowledgements: This article has been developed from research by Terrie Knibb and the Castle Bromwich Youth & Community Partnership. For more information about the Castle Bromwich Graveyard Project go to http://castlebromwichgraveyard.co.uk/.

Images
A Birmingham flintlock gun of the kind that would have been used by Richard Chattock, manufactured probably by or for Matthew Boulton c.1791. Image copyright of Birmingham Museums & Art Gallery on Flickr and reusable under a non-commercial sharealike Creative Commons licence.

Hunting for rabbits from ‘Confessions of a Poacher’ 1890 by an anonymous author.

The Ward family tomb in Castle Bromwich graveyard. Image by William Dargue, reusable under a non-commercial sharealike Creative Commons licence.

Filed Under: Birmingham Places, Castle Bromwich, Castle Bromwich Church

The Tragic Death of Mary Ashford – but was it murder? (Part Two)

January 28, 2015 by William Dargue Leave a Comment

Abraham Thornton Found Not Guilty – but that’s not the end of the story.
Mary Ashford
Mary Ashford

Mary’s brother, William Ashford was to take the matter further. It is very likely that he was advised, encouraged and sponsored by one of the newspapers. At that time those found not guilty of a crime could not be tried a second time for the same offence.

However, after extensive research it was discovered that a medieval legal process known as an Appeal of Murder was still on the statute book. This could be undertaken by a relative of a murder victim when it could be shown that there was reasonable doubt regarding a jury’s decision.

Thornton Arrested Again

Abraham Thornton
Abraham Thornton

The case was taken to the Secretary of State who ordered the Sheriff of Warwick to arrest Abraham Thornton and send him to be prosecuted by William Ashford. The trial would take place before the Lord Chief Justice in the Court of the King’s Bench in Westminster Hall.

So great was the interest that a fund was set up allowing the public to donate subscriptions to defray the expense of the prosecution.

The Second Trial

The case was brought before Lord Justice Ellenborough in November 1817.

In the meantime Thornton’s team had also been carrying out their own research. The ancient Appeal of Murder was a two-edged sword. Under the old law an appeal of murder could be answered with a ‘Trial by Battle, which meant that Thornton and Ashford would fight man to man, hand to hand until the first stars appeared in the evening sky. If Thornton was then too weak to continue, he would be hanged there and then. But if he killed Ashford or stayed on his feet until after sunset, he would be acquitted.

The charge was read out and the clerk of the court asked Thornton, ‘Prisoner, are you guilty or not guilty of the said felony and murder whereof you stand so appealed?’

Thornton’s counsel, Mr William Reader gave him a piece of paper from which he read: ‘Not guilty; and I am ready to defend the same with my body.’

Thornton Throws Down The Gauntlet

Mr Reader gave him a pair of gauntlets; one he put on his hand, and the other he threw down for Ashford to pick up.

Ashford was asked for his reply. His counsel, Mr Clarke was completely thrown. He argued with the judge that this was an obsolete practice that had long fallen out of practise and had no place in a modern court of law. But the judge replied, ‘It is the law of England, Mr Clarke.’

So unusual were the circumstances of dealing with an ancient law which had not been applied since the Middle Ages, that the proceedings were postponed and were to continue on and off until April.

The long and short of it was that Abraham Thornton was a well-built, muscular and fit. He was a farmer’s son. William Ashford on the other hand was a weak and weedy individual and would have stood no chance in a battle of fisticuffs.

At the final hearing William Ashford refused to pick up the gauntlet and Lord Ellenborough declared that the defendant had no case to answer and that he was free to go.

Thornton Returns Home

Shard End Farm
Shard End Farm

Abraham Thornton returned to Castle Bromwich to his father’s farm at Shard End. However, such was the popular feeling against him that his life was made unbearable and he eventually emigrated to the United States where he later married and lived life quietly until his death in 1860.

As for poor Mary, she was buried in the churchyard at Holy Trinity in Sutton Coldfield, almost certainly having drowned by accident. She had most likely sat beside the pool to rest, perhaps to wash the mud off her feet and legs and slipped into the cold water where she met her end.

She was laid to rest under a tombstone paid for by public subscription with words composed by the rector of Sutton Coldfield who was convinced, as were most people, that the poor girl had been murdered. The tablet can still be seen in the graveyard by the entrance of the church, though the inscription is now too corroded to be read.

The Law Is Changed

As a result of this case the Lord Chancellor introduced a bill the following year to abolish Appeal of Murder and Trial by Battle. The act was passed by House of Lords with all three readings of the bill in a single night.

Filed Under: Birmingham Places, Mary Ashford, Sutton Coldfield

The Tragic Death of Mary Ashford – but was it murder? (Part One)

January 28, 2015 by William Dargue Leave a Comment

Murder or not, this was a case that helped bring the antiquated English legal system into the 19th century.

It was Whit Monday, 26th May 1817, the first holiday of the year and a favourite time for country folk to celebrate. Although the weather that May was unusually cold, it did not dampen the spirits of the young folk planning to party at the Tyburn House on the Chester Road.

Mary Ashford
Mary Ashford

One of the revellers was 20-year-old Mary Ashford, who worked as a housekeeper for her uncle, a farmer at Langley Heath near Sutton Coldfield. She had walked that day from Langley to Erdington to the home of her friend, Hannah Cox at Erdington and the two then walked on to the Tyburn.

Mary was a pretty girl with a vivacious personality and much in demand as a dance partner. However, after Mary had danced with Abraham Thornton, none of the other young men got a look in. Abraham was a well-to-do farmer’s son, whose father ran Shard End Farm and was a steward of Lord Bradford.

By midnight, Hannah Cox, who had not enjoyed the same attention as her friend, was ready to go home and after several more dances, Mary reluctantly agreed to leave.

Mary And Abraham Leave The Party

Abraham Thornton
Abraham Thornton

Hannah was accompanied by a young man by the name of Benjamin Carter, Mary by Abraham Thornton. Carter, however, did not stay long with them and soon went back to rejoin the party at the Tyburn Inn. And some short time later Mary and Abraham bid goodnight to the hapless Hannah who had to make her way home alone in the darkness as best she could.

Hannah reached Erdington about an hour later and went straight to bed.

But at 4 o’clock in the morning her sleep was disturbed by a knocking at the door. Looking out of the window, she was surprised hear the voice of her friend Mary Ashford calling to her in the early morning light.

Hannah let her in and Mary explained that she had slept at her grandmother’s house in Bell Lane (now Orphanage Road, Erdington) rather than go all the way back to her uncle’s farm. She had now come to Hannah’s house to change out of her party clothes before going on home.

She told Hannah what a wonderful time she had with Abraham and shortly afterwards she left for her uncle’s. What Mary did not tell Hannah was that she had not been to grandmother’s at all; she had spent the hours of darkness wandering about the country lanes and fields with Abraham Thornton.

At half past four Mary was seen making her way towards Langley Heath. This was the last time that Mary was seen alive.

Mary’s Body Found

At seven o’clock a man by the name of George Jackson was on his way to work along a path near Penn’s Mills when he noticed a bonnet, a pair of shoes and a bundle of clothes on the bank of a water-filled pit. George could see no-one about and feared the worst. He ran to the mill and called for help.

Some of the mill workers came and dragged the pit where the lifeless body of Mary Ashford was soon pulled from the water.

Thornton Arrested For Murder

Tyburn House
Tyburn House

News of the discovery spread quickly and later that same day, Abraham Thornton was arrested on suspicion of murder by Thomas Dale, a police officer sent from Birmingham. After being interviewed at the Tyburn House by a magistrate, Thornton was committed to be tried at the Warwick Assizes where the date was set for 8th August.

In the meantime local opinion and the popular press had already judged the accused to be guilty. Mary was portrayed as poor but honest, sweet and amiable and strictly virtuous, whereas Thornton was described as the fiendish destroyer of her virtue and life.

The Trial

On the day of the trial the public gallery at Warwick was full to capacity and a large crowd stood outside the doors of the court. The press were there in numbers for this was a trial that had provoked national excitement.

The trial was to last for over 12 hours.

Mary and Abraham's Movements
Mary and Abraham’s Movements

The prosecution brought forward many witnesses as to the whereabouts of Mary, and others who had seen her with Abraham Thornton. The last time Mary had been seen was at half past four in the morning heading back towards her uncle’s house at Langley Heath.

However, the counsel for the defence was able to produce a witness who had seen Abraham at about the same time several miles away. One witness had a friendly conversation with him at Castle Bromwich and others, some of whom had also spoken to him, testified that his demeanour was perfectly normal. Thornton’s route could be verified as along the Chester Road, through Castle Bromwich and on to Shard End Farm and times were given.

The judge took two hours to sum up the case and concluded by emphasising to the jury that if they had any doubt, they should find the accused not guilty. It was better for a guilty man to escape the law than for an innocent man to be hanged for a crime that he had not committed.

The Verdict

After a long day in court, the jury’s deliberation lasted six minutes only. They found the farmer’s son not guilty of the murder of Mary Ashford and the judge set him free.

This verdict did not satisfy the waiting crowd, however, and Thornton was lucky to get away from the court without serious injury. Dissatisfied though the press and the public were, that should have been the end of the matter.

But the story would not lie down. Mary’s brother, William Ashford was to take the matter further as we see in Part Two of this story.

 

Filed Under: Mary Ashford

Castle Bromwich Hall (Part Two)

July 22, 2014 by William Dargue 1 Comment

In 1762 Orlando, son of Sir John II inherited, through his wife Anne Newport, the house and estate of Weston Park, Staffordshire. Like Castle Bromwich Hall, Weston is now a Grade I Listed building, but it is on an altogether much larger and grander scale than Castle Bromwich.

The house, designed in the fashionable contemporary Palladian style, had not long been completed. Like Castle Bromwich it is built around a centre court, but with 11 bays to 5 at Castle Bromwich and set in 1000 acres of parkland as against the 10-acre walled garden and no park at Castle Bromwich.

The Bridgemans Move To Weston Park

1599 CBHall Weston Park Paul Leonard Geograph cc
Weston Park photographed by Paul Leonard on Geograph reusable under a Creative Commons licence.

Little wonder then that Castle Bromwich ceased to be the Bridgeman family seat after 1762 with the family leaving shortly afterwards for Weston. Some of the family portraits and tapestries were taken from Castle Bromwich and still hang at Weston Park.

The Newport titles then passed to the Bridgemans: Orlando’s son, Sir Henry was created 1st Baron Bradford in 1794 and his son, Orlando was created 1st Earl of Bradford in 1811.

Castle Bromwich – TO LET

After the move to Weston, but for two short periods when members of the Bridgeman family were in residence, Castle Bromwich Hall was rented out. In 1773 Sir Henry’s ‘capitol mansion house’ was advertised to let fully furnished at £150 a year (A labourer’s cottage at this time would have been rented out at around 10 shillings a year).

The first tenant of the Hall was Samuel Garbett, a close friend of Mathew Boulton and one of Birmingham foremost citizens, a millionaire by modern standards, making his money from, among many other things, refining precious metals and large scale manufacture of sulphuric acid. Later tenants included the wealthy Birmingham banker John Rotton (one of his partnerships was registered as Rotton, Onions & Co.); Lady Jane Lawley, the widow of Sir Robert Lawley of Canwell Hall, MP for Warwickshire; and Alexander Blair, another wealthy industrialist whose plant at Tipton manufactured alkalis and soap products.

The Bridgemans Return To Castle Bromwich

George, 4th Earl of Bradford from the National Portrait Gallery website http://www.npg.org.uk/ reusable under Creative Commons licence http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ .
George, 4th Earl of Bradford from the National Portrait Gallery website reusable under a Creative Commons licence.

In 1870 George Bridgeman, eldest son of Orlando 3rd Earl of Bradford, moved into Castle Bromwich Hall. Both he and his wife, Lady Ida née Lumley, daughter of Lord Scarborough, were to live there until their deaths, he in 1915, she in 1936. Until his father’s death, George bore the title of the eldest son, that of Viscount Newport.

When George, then Viscount Newport, brought his new wife to Castle Bromwich, his father was 50 years old and a member of a long-lived family; he would live to the age of 78. Although Weston was a very big house, George clearly wanted to set up on his own account. And 1870 must have been a difficult year at Weston. One of George’s two younger brothers, Gerald, had been appointed ensign in the Prince Consort’s Own Rifle Brigade in 1867; in 1870 he died of a fever at the age of only 23 while travelling in Italy. His father was so grief-stricken that he had built for him at Weston a mausoleum in the form of a Greek temple which still stands. Orlando did not die until 1898 by which time George had lived at Castle Bromwich for 28 years during which time Lady Ida had given birth to seven children.

The Bridgeman family had been involved in politics in local and national government and public service since the time of Orlando Bridgeman who bought Castle Bromwich Hall in 1657. So even when Castle Bromwich was the principal seat, the family would certainly not have spent all their time here. George, educated at Harrow, had served as a captain in the Life Guards and later the Shropshire Yeomanry Cavalry; he was the Conservative MP for North Shropshire 1867-1885. The family owned a London town house in Lowndes Square, one of the most expensive addresses in Belgravia. The Illustrated London News records some of their comings and goings between Weston, Castle Bromwich and London and trips abroad.

Disraeli Stays At The Hall

During the time of George and Lady Ida at the Hall there were many visitors of note. Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli was a friend of the family and visited on more than one occasion; indeed George’s second son, also George, had Beaconsfield as one of his middle names (Disraeli was ennobled as the Earl of Beaconsfield).

In the summer of 1876, for instance, Disraeli stayed at Castle Bromwich with Orlando, 3rd Earl of Bradford accompanied by Lady Selina and her sister Lady Chesterfield, both close confidantes of the Premier. Visitors usually arrived by train at Stechford station from London; they would then be brought by carriage along Stechford Road and Coleshill Road to the hall.

While here the party visited Aston Pleasure Grounds (now the site of Villa Park) and Aston Hall. Lady Bradford laid on a garden party at the hall, inviting a large number of the local nobility and gentry, including Lord and Lady Leigh of Stoneleigh Abbey, the Marquis and Marchioness of Hertford of Ragley Hall, Sir Charles and Lady Adderley of Hams Hall, the Bishops of Worcester and Lichfield, Sir F Peel (son of Robert Peel), industrialist and philanthropist Sir Josiah Mason, the Hon Mr and Mrs Calthorpe of Perry Hall, Joseph Chamberlain MP and Birmingham industrialists Messrs Chance and Avery. Unfortunately the Friday saw a torrential downpour which discouraged many of the guests from coming and the event was transferred from the marquee on the lawn to inside the Hall.

The following day was fine and Disraeli, accompanied by the Countess of Bradford, drove in his carriage about the local area as far as Stechford acknowledging the greetings of onlookers. 80 children from the church school were invited to the Hall for a picnic and games watched with interest by the Prime Minister. They were ‘regaled with a plentiful repast on the lawn’ served by the noble ladies present: Mabel and Florence, two of the daughters of Lord Bradford; the Countess of Chesterfield, the Marchioness of Ailesbury and Miss Bagot of Pype Hayes Hall.

Disraeli wrote to Selina Countess of Bradford that the visit to Castle Bromwich was ‘the happiest visit I ever paid and the memories of which will sustain and animate me in my solitude’ .

Royal Visitors to Castle Bromwich

A week later the Duke of Teck and Princess Mary of Teck stayed at the Hall while attending the Birmingham Triennial Music Festival with the Bradfords. Princess Mary, later Queen Mary, wife of George V, was a close friend of Lady Ida Bridgeman, wife of George, Viscount Newport. From 1901-1902 and 1905-1936 Lady Ida was a Lady of the Bedchamber, official personal attendant to the Queen.

In September 1894 the Duke and Duchess of York stayed at the Hall when they paid a state visit to Birmingham to lay the foundation stone for the new General Hospital in Steelhouse Lane, now the Children’s Hospital. The Duchess planted a tree in the Hall gardens to commemorate the Newports’ silver wedding. They attended Castle Bromwich church for the morning service. In 1897 Prince and Princess Christian were guests when they came to open the hospital.

The 1891 Census records 8 family members living at the Hall with Viscount Newport’s sister’s family as guests. 19 servants were also resident.

Orlando, 3rd Earl of Bradford died in 1898 and was succeeded by George, who continued to live at Castle Bromwich. He died in London in 1915 and was buried at Weston. Lady Ida stayed at Castle Bromwich after his death while her eldest son, Orlando, 5th Earl of Bradford made Weston his seat.

Lady Ida, Countess of Bradford 1848-1936
Lady Ida, Countess of Bradford 1848-1936

Castle Bromwich was the home of Lady Ida for 60 years; she was the last of the Bridgeman family to live at the hall.

She played an active part in the life of the village and attended the garden fetes held in the grounds in the early 1900s. (Church fetes were still held there until the early 1980s.)

Lady Ida continued to receive royal and distinguished guests after her husband’s death. Her friend Queen Mary visited on more than one occasion, and other visitors to the British Industries Fair were generally entertained at Castle Bromwich Hall.

When Lady Ida died in 1936 the Hall was advertised for sale or to let, furnished or unfurnished. Weston was the family seat and Castle Bromwich was now superfluous. Furthermore, what had been a country retreat was now being encroached on by housing spreading out from Birmingham, much of it on former Bridgeman land and paying the family ground rent. There was little interest in the building and most of the furniture was sold. There was an expression of interest by GEC but, with the outbreak of the Second World War, the transaction was put on hold. During the War the hall was used to billet troops.

After the War, GEC, whose Birmingham base was at Witton, rented the Hall for some years as a residence for their apprentices. By 1960 they left and the empty building began to deteriorate and was subject to vandalism.

Castle Bromwich Hall date unknown
Castle Bromwich Hall date unknown

Castle Bromwich Hall – FOR SALE

In 1969 the Earl of Bradford sold the Hall to Page Johnson Builders Ltd, as offices for some 70 staff. While the structure of the building remained intact, partitions were inserted into some of the larger rooms to create smaller offices. Page Johnson were bought out in 1972 by Bovis Homes who owned the Hall until 2001. the hall was then bought by the telecommunications company GPN who went bankrupt after two years. Failing to attract a buyer for the hall with all its outbuildings, the estate was split into six lots and successfully put up for auction. The buyer of the Hall itself did not occupy the building and no work was carried out, although the smaller buildings were bought and occupied. In 2007 the Hall was bought by luxury reproduction furniture manufacturers Theodore Alexander Ltd who planned to use it to showcase their wares. However, it was not to be. The hall was again left empty and in danger of deterioration through neglect.

Castle Bromwich Hall Hotel

In 2009 the building was bought by developers Linda and Neil Chen. After extensive consultations with English Heritage and the National Trust, the Hall was sensitively restored. It opened as Castle Bromwich Hall Hotel in 2011.

Image copyright William Dargue; no reuse without permission
Image copyright William Dargue; no reuse without permission

Filed Under: Birmingham Places, Castle Bromwich, Castle Bromwich Hall & Park Hall

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I was born in Southport, Lancashire (now Merseyside); my family origins are to be found in the wild hills of Westmoreland. I trained as a teacher at St Peter's College, Saltley, qualifying in 1968 and have now worked as a primary school teacher in Birmingham for well over forty years. Read More…

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